Japanese name: Hime-kimadara-Hikage
English name:
This butterfly occurs in eastern Asia.

	Minoto, Chino-shi, Nagano, Japan. August 1, 1998. Photo by T. Kumon. T98AU78M.JPG (22KB)
	Kiyosato, Takane-cho, Kitakoma-gun, Yamanashi, Japan. July 14, 1996. Early in the morning. Photo by T. Kumon. T96JL37M.JPG (21KB)
	Kiyosato, Takane-cho, Kitakoma-gun, Yamanashi, Japan. July 14, 1996. Photo by T. Kumon. T96JL38M.JPG (19KB)

Japanese name: Oh-Hikage
English name:
This butterfly can be found from Tibet to Sakhalin.
"Oh" or rather "Oo" means "Large". "Hikage" means "swale" or "shade" and is used for "Woodnymph".

Minoto, Chino-shi, Nagano, Japan. August 1, 1998. Photo by T. Kumon. T00AU01M.JPG (65KB)

Japanese name: Hikage-cho
English name:
This butterfly is uniquely Japanese species. This species have similar pattern with Lethe diana, but it is easy to distinguish these from each other by their colors.
"Hikage" means a shady spot where we can usually see these butterflies.

	Kurokawa, Aso-ku, Kawasaki-shi, Kanagawa, Japan. June 4, 2000. With Neope goschkevitschii. Photo by T. Kumon. T00JN54M.JPG (55KB)
	Kurokawa, Aso-ku, Kawasaki-shi, Kanagawa, Japan. May 31, 1998. Photo by T. Kumon. T98MY93M.JPG (28KB)
	Kurokawa, Aso-ku, Kawasaki-shi, Kanagawa, Japan. May 31, 1998. Photo by T. Kumon. T98MY94M.JPG (34KB)
	Uenohara-cho, Yamanashi, Japan. June 29, 1996. Photo by T. Kumon. T96JN59M.JPG (23KB)
	Uenohara-cho, Yamanashi, Japan. June 29, 1996. Photo by T. Kumon. T96JN61M.JPG (21KB)

Japanese name: Kuro-hikage
English name:
This butterfly occurs eastern Asia. Very common species. This species have darker color than Lethe sicelis.
"Kuro" in Japanese name means black.

	Minoto, Chino-shi, Nagano, Japan. July 17, 1999. Photo by T. Kumon. T99JL79M.JPG (22KB)
	Minami-asakawamachi, Hachioji-shi, Tokyo, Japan. June 6, 1999. On my hand. Photo by T. Kumon. T99JN06M.JPG (27KB)
	Kurokawa, Aso-ku, Kawasaki-shi, Kanagawa, Japan. May 31, 1998. Photo by T. Kumon. T98MY92M.JPG (30KB)
	Hara-mura, Suwa-gun, Nagano, Japan. July 25, 1997. Male. Photo by T. Kumon. T97JL59M.JPG (47KB)
	Odagawa, Nirasaki-shi, Yamanashi, Japan. July 13, 1996. Male. Photo by T. Kumon. T96JL07M.JPG (16KB)
	Odagawa, Nirasaki-shi, Yamanashi, Japan. July 13, 1996. Female. Photo by T. Kumon. T96JL13M.JPG (16KB)
	Uenohara-cho, Yamanashi, Japan. June 29, 1996. Photo by T. Kumon. T96JN42M.JPG (20KB)

Japanese name: Sato-kimadara-Hikage
English name:
This butterfly is uniquely Japanese species. This species looks quite similar to Neope niphonica. Actually these two species treated as one species for a long time.
"Sato" means village. This name suggests that this butterfly occurs usaully in the area of lower altitude compared to niphonica.

	Kurokawa, Aso-ku, Kawasaki-shi, Kanagawa, Japan. June 4, 2000. With Lethe sicelis. Photo by T. Kumon. T00JN48M.JPG (81KB)
	Hosakamachi, Nirasaki-shi, Yamanashi, Japan. August 23, 1997. Photo by T. Kumon. T97AU28M.JPG (29KB)
	Nishihara, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo, Japan. June 15, 1996. Photo by T. Kumon. T96JN38M.JPG (14KB)

Japanese name: Yama-kimadara-Hikage
English name:
This butterfly occurs in eastern Asia.
"Yama" means mountain. This name suggests that this butterfly occurs more like in the mountain area compared to goschkevitschii.

	Minoto, Chino-shi, Nagano, Japan. May 18, 1997. Sping form. Photo by T. Kumon. T97MY75M.JPG (23KB)
	Kiyosato, Takane-cho, Kitakoma-gun, Yamanashi, Japan. July 14, 1996. Trying to absorb sweat? from my pants. Photo by T. Kumon. T96JL33M.JPG (13KB)
	Kiyosato, Takane-cho, Kitakoma-gun, Yamanashi, Japan. July 14, 1996. Early in the morning. Photo by T. Kumon. T96JL39M.JPG (29KB)
	Kiyosato, Takane-cho, Kitakoma-gun, Yamanashi, Japan. July 14, 1996. Photo by T. Kumon. T96JL42M.JPG (26KB)

Japanese name: Hime-Janome
English name:
This species occurs in eastern Asia.
Very common and we can see this butterfly even in the metropolitan area.
"Hime" in Japanese name means originally a young princess.
"Janome" literally means eyes of snakes.

	Nishihara, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo, Japan. June 1, 1996. . Photo by T. Kumon. T96JN30M.JPG (17KB)
	Akasaka, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan. June 7, 1996. . Photo by T. Kumon. T96JN31M.JPG (20KB)
	Akasaka, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan. June 7, 1996. . Photo by T. Kumon. T96JN32M.JPG (19KB)
	Nishihara, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo, Japan. June 15, 1996. . Photo by T. Kumon. T96JN37M.JPG (15KB)

Japanese name: Ko-Janome
English name:
Habitat of this species almost overlaps that of Mycalesis gotama which looks very similar. Eye spots of francisca are more closer to the margin of its wings. Generally francisca is darker than gotama.
"Ko" in Japanese name means small.

	Sutama-machi, Kitakoma-gun, Yamanashi, Japan. May 30, 1999. Photo by T. Kumon. T99MYA1M.JPG (26KB)
	Odagawa, Nirasaki-shi, Yamanashi, Japan. May 18, 1997. Photo by T. Kumon. T97MY76M.JPG (32KB)
	Odagawa, Nirasaki-shi, Yamanashi, Japan. May 18, 1997. Photo by T. Kumon. T97MY78M.JPG (42KB)
	Okura-cho, Niihama-shi, Ehime, Japan. September 15, 1996. Photo by T. Kumon. T96SP42M.JPG (13KB)
	Okura-cho, Niihama-shi, Ehime, Japan. September 15, 1996. Photo by T. Kumon. T96SP43M.JPG (10KB)

Japanese name: Kuro-konoma-cho
English name:
This butterfly can be found from India to Southeast Asai. Similar species Melanitis leda is also can be found in Japan.
"Kuro" means black. "Konoma" means "among trees".

	Yoyogi-Kamizonocho, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo, Japan. September 2, 2000. Male. Photo by T. Kumon. T00SP47M.JPG (29KB)
	Numazu-shi, Shizuoka, Japan. July 23, 2000. Male. Photo by T. Kumon. T00JLG0M.JPG (56KB)
	Kashiwai, Ichikawa-shi, Chiba, Japan. April 22, 2000. Female. Photo by T. Kumon. T00AP80M.JPG (41KB)
	Kashiwai, Ichikawa-shi, Chiba, Japan. April 22, 2000. Female. Photo by T. Kumon. T00AP82M.JPG (61KB)
	Kamikuisshiki-mura, Nishiyatsushiro-gun, Yamanashi, Japan. July 31, 1999. Female. Photo by T. Kumon. T99JLH0M.JPG (34KB)
	Yoyogi-Kamizonocho, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo, Japan. October 23, 1999. Male. Photo by T. Kumon. T99OC86M.JPG (36KB)
	Yoyogi-Kamizonocho, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo, Japan. October 23, 1999. Male. Photo by T. Kumon. T99OC88M.JPG (36KB)

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